Ley de Protección de la Maternidad y Apoyo a la Lactancia

En fecha 28 de octubre de 2015, se ha promulgado la Ley Nº 5.508 de «Promoción, Protección de la Maternidad y Apoyo a la Lactancia Materna», en adelante la «Ley», introduciendo importantes cambios en la legislación vigente, que enumeramos a continuación:

Las  disposiciones de la Ley se aplican a personas que desempeñen funciones bajo cualquier modalidad laboral establecida en el Código del Trabajo y/o Ley de la Función Pública.

I. Lactancia:

La Ley establece las siguientes definiciones y distinciones:

a. Lactancia Materna Exclusiva: alimentación de un lactante exclusivamente con leche materna sin el agregado de agua, jugos, té u otros líquidos o alimentos.

b. Lactancia Materna Complementada: cuando el lactante, además de leche materna, recibe cualquier alimento sólido o semisólido, con la finalidad de complementarlo y no de sustituirlo.

El Código de Trabajo anteriormente establecía una protección y descansos adicionales durante el período de lactancia para la trabajadora sin establecer un plazo determinado de duración. Esta Ley establece que se promoverá, protegerá y apoyará la lactancia materna exclusiva hasta los 6 (seis) meses de edad y la lactancia materna complementaria hasta los 24 (veinticuatro) meses de edad.

Durante el periodo de lactancia se concederá a las madres trabajadoras, un permiso al día de 90 (noventa) minutos para amamantar a sus hijos durante los primeros 6 (seis) meses, los cuales podrán ser usufructuados por la madre de la forma en que ella estime conveniente, en función a las necesidades del niño, computados desde el primer día de reintegro al trabajo después del Permiso de Maternidad; pudiendo extenderse dicho permiso según indicación médica, desde los 7 (siete) meses incluso hasta 24 (veinticuatro) meses de edad que en este caso será de 60 (sesenta) minutos al día.

Dicho permiso será considerado como período trabajado, con goce de salario. En caso de parto múltiple, dicho permiso se incrementará 60 (sesenta) minutos más por día a partir del segundo hijo. Además, el empleador dará el tiempo necesario a la madre trabajadora en su empleo, para realizar la extracción de la leche materna, para lo cual brindará las condiciones necesarias y contará con una sala de lactancia.

II. Maternidad:

La Ley establece como Permiso de Maternidad un período de 18 (dieciocho) semanas ininterrumpidas, toda vez que presente un certificado médico expedido o visado por el Instituto de Previsión Social o el Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social, en el que indique su gravidez y su posible fecha de parto. En interés superior del niño la trabajadora podrá tomar el permiso 2 (dos) semanas antes del parto.

Así también se dispone que cuando el parto se produjese antes de iniciada la semana número 35 (treinta y cinco) de gestación, o si el niño al nacer pesare menos de 2.000 (dos mil) gramos o naciera con enfermedades congénitas que ameriten incubadora o cuidados especiales, justificados con certificación médica, el permiso de maternidad será de 24 (veinticuatro) semanas.

En caso de embarazos múltiples el período de permiso de maternidad establecido, se incrementará en razón de 1 (un) mes por cada niño a partir del segundo niño.

Si la madre muriera en el parto o durante el período de permiso posterior a éste, dicho permiso o el resto del tiempo que faltase transcurrir hasta el término del permiso, será destinado al padre o a quien fuera designado por la familia de la madre como cuidador del niño o de los niños, siempre que este período de tiempo, sea destinado en forma exclusiva al cuidado.

El ejercicio del derecho de usufructo del permiso de maternidad, tendrá por efecto la prohibición de realizar trabajo alguno o prestar servicios en forma parcial, aleatoria u ocasional a favor de terceros.

Durante el Permiso de Maternidad, la trabajadora recibirá un subsidio con cargo al Régimen de Seguridad Social del Instituto de Previsión Social (IPS) equivalente al 100% (cien por ciento) de su remuneración al momento de ocurrido el parto.

En el caso de que el empleador no haya inscripto o se encuentre en mora en relación al cumplimiento de las obligaciones establecidas en el Régimen de Seguridad Social del Instituto de Previsión Social (IPS), este deberá asumir el pago del 100% (cien por ciento) del monto correspondiente al subsidio establecido en el presente artículo, sin perjuicio de la aplicación de las demás sanciones administrativas que pudieran corresponder.

 
III. Otros permisos laborales:

Se establecen además los siguientes permisos laborales relacionados con la maternidad y la paternidad:

Permiso por Adopción: la madre adoptante, acreditada con sentencia judicial y la madre de la familia de acogimiento, declaradas como tales por sentencia judicial, tendrán derecho a acceder al permiso por maternidad de 18 (dieciocho) semanas cuando el adoptado o el niño acogido, fuere menor de 6 (seis) meses, y 12 (doce) semanas cuando fuere mayor de 6 (seis) meses.

Permiso por Paternidad: serán concedidos, con carácter irrenunciable, a todo trabajador padre de recién nacido, 2 (dos) semanas posteriores al parto, con goce de sueldo, a cargo del empleador. .

IV. Acciones nulas y otras disposiciones:

Desde el momento en que el empleador haya sido notificado del embarazo de la trabajadora y mientras esta usufructúe el Permiso de Maternidad, así como los demás permisos establecidos en la presente Ley, incluyendo los permisos de lactancia, será nulo el pre aviso y el despido comunicado al trabajador.

La mujer gozará de inamovilidad laboral hasta 1 (un) año después del nacimiento o adopción de la niña o el niño. En ningún caso el embarazo, la adopción, el nacimiento de la niña o el niño, o la lactancia puede constituir directa o indirectamente causa justificada de despido.

Las instituciones públicas y empresas del sector público y privado, en las cuales trabajen más de 30 (treinta) mujeres, implementarán salas de lactancia materna habilitadas por el Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social, de acuerdo con la normativa vigente.

V. Implementación progresiva de los permisos de maternidad:

Los Permisos de Maternidad establecidos en la presente Ley serán efectivizados en forma progresiva, durante el período de tiempo descripto a continuación, hasta llegar a la concesión del 100% (cien por ciento) de los permisos dispuestos en la presente Ley.

A partir de la fecha de entrada en vigencia de la presente Ley y por el plazo de 6 (seis) meses, el Permiso de Maternidad será de 14 (catorce) semanas.

A partir de los 6 (seis) meses de la fecha de entrada en vigencia de la presente Ley y hasta el plazo de 1 (un) año de entrada en vigencia la presente Ley, el Permiso de Maternidad será de 14 (catorce) semanas.

A partir del plazo de 1 (un) año desde la fecha de entrada en vigencia de la presente Ley y hasta el plazo 3 (tres) años computados desde la fecha de entrada en vigencia de la presente Ley, el permiso de maternidad será de 18 (dieciocho) semanas.

La progresividad de la aplicación de la presente Ley con relación al pago del subsidio a cargo del Instituto de Previsión Social (IPS), será a partir de la fecha de su promulgación en razón de 50% (cincuenta por ciento) del salario hasta los 6 (seis) meses, del 75% (setenta y cinco por ciento) del salario hasta los 12 (doce) meses y del 100% (cien por ciento) del salario a partir del tercer año de promulgada la Ley.

El Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social es la Autoridad de Aplicación de la Ley, dentro de su competencia. Así mismo la Ley establece que el Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social, será el órgano fiscalizador estableciendo los procedimientos adecuados para esto.

Para mayor información o consultas contactar con palderete@vouga.com.py o wvera@vouga.com.py

Vouga Abogados on top of Legal500 rankings

Legal500, one of the world's leading law firm directories, has recently published its latest edition of law firm rankings in Latin America and the rest of the world.

Vouga Abogados topped the rankings with seven recommended practice areas - the highest number among firms in Paraguay and the only one with recommendations in all practice areas listed in the country. Vouga ranked first in three of them and second in three others - the only law firm in Paraguay with three areas in the top tier.

Thus, the Firm ranks at the top with the Corporate/M&A, Tax and Litigation practice areas. In addition, the Firm has recommendations for the practice areas of Banking and Finance, Environmental Law, Intellectual Property and finally, Labor Law and Social Security.

We thank our customers and friends for their continued trust.

New regulation on bearer shares requires disclosure of beneficial owners

On September 7, 2015, the Secretariat for the Prevention of Money or Asset Laundering (“SEPRELAD”) issued Resolution No. 345/2015 by which it establishes the preventive policies to be adopted by the regulated entities supervised by the Central Bank of Paraguay (i.e. financial and banking entities operating in Paraguay, inter alia), in their procedures for the identification of shareholders of legal entities operating as their clients.

Among the measures to be adopted are the following:

  • To request its customers to convert their bearer shares into registered shares or, failing that, to deposit such shares in an entity of the national financial system.
  • To request companies incorporated abroad whose capital is represented by bearer shares and wish to operate with subjects supervised by the Central Bank of Paraguay (“BCP”), to prove the identity of the beneficial owner of such shares by means of a sworn statement before a Notary Public.

This Resolution also approves a bearer share registry to be implemented by the BCP. The procedures and deadlines will be established later on.

Finally, SEPRELAD states that the refusal to provide the information as required by Resolution No. 345/2015 will constitute a red flag under the terms of the regulations on the prevention of money laundering, financing of terrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.

In addition, the modification of the rules of the Civil Code relating to bearer shares is currently being evaluated.

For further information, please do not hesitate to contact us at info@vouga.com.py.

Legal Incentives for Foreign Investment in Real Estate in Paraguay and the Role of Trusts

The growth of the real estate market in Paraguay has been constant and marked in recent years. The purpose of this article is to address the legal incentives that Paraguay offers for the investment of capital from foreign countries, which, although of a general nature, apply equally to investments in real estate businesses, as well as the different legal instruments that can be used under Paraguayan law to guarantee compliance with the obligations undertaken in the framework of real estate investments, as well as for the development of the real estate businesses themselves, as is the case of trusts.

Please download the full article below.

Note: This article does not constitute a legal opinion or a recommendation or advice for a particular case. It is recommended that legal advice be sought.

Chambers and Partners recognizes Vouga Abogados in its 2016 edition

The latest edition of Chambers Latin America Guide for 2016 rates Vouga Abogados in all practice areas listed for Paraguay, in addition to making individual recommendations of our lawyers.

Below is a list of recommended attorneys and practice areas.

Corporate/Commercial - Band 1

Rodolfo Vouga – Band 1

Perla Alderete – Band 2

Corporate/Commercial - Labor
Perla Alderete – Band 1

Resolución de Controversias – Band 1

Mirtha Dos Santos – Band 2

Banca & Finanzas – Band 1

Rodolfo Vouga – Band 1

Cynthia Fatecha – Band 2

Ambiental – Band 2

Jorge Figueredo – Band 2

Intellectual Property - Band 3

Paraguay enacts new regulation on credit cards

On August 25, 2015, the Paraguayan Executive Branch officially enacted Law No. 5476/15 “Establishing Rules for Transparency and User Defense in the Use of Credit and Debit Cards” (the “Law”), thus regulating several consumer defense and transparency issues in relation to credit cards. Its scope of application extends to cardholders, issuers, processors, financial institutions and intermediary entities.

Among other things, the Law regulates the following:

  • Obligations of financial institutions to provide accurate, understandable and visible information.
  • Notice periods for implementing changes in the scope of services provided.
  • Mandatory clauses in credit card contracts, as well as prohibited clauses.
  • No waiver of consumer rights.
  • Regulation of the limits established for commission payments and interest rates.
  • Credit card cancellation procedures for consumers.
  • Additional services provided to card users and their acceptance.
  • Contracting of insurance costs and protection against fraud in relation to the consumer.
  • Penalties for non-compliance with the Law.

The Act will become effective on September 25, 2015, 30 days after its publication as provided therein.

Vouga Abogados steers media sale

The Multimedia Group received advice from Vouga Abogados for the sale of 100% of its shareholding to Grupo Nación de Comunicaciones.

The transaction closed on August 18, 2015 and consisted of the transfer of Diario Popular, the Hoy electronic newspaper and the Laser Stream online streaming service.

More information on this transaction can be found on Latin Lawyer's website, through the following link http://latinlawyer.com/news/article/48600/palacios-prono-vouga-steer-paraguayan-media-tie-up/

Important case law regarding fines imposed to foreign insurance companies

The Court of Accounts, 2nd Chamber, in charge of hearing contentious-administrative matters, unanimously decided to confirm two resolutions of the Superintendence of Insurance (SIS) and of the Board of Directors of the Central Bank of Paraguay (BCP) by which fines were applied to an insurance agent and a foreign insurance company, for carrying out insurance activities without the latter being authorized to operate in Paraguay.

This ruling constitutes an important precedent, since it would be one of the first cases in which a sanction is imposed on a foreign insurance company for insuring risks in Paraguay without being authorized by the SIS. Although Insurance Law No. 827/96 already established the sanction for operating without the proper authorization, in the past there were no known cases in which a fine or sanction had been imposed.

According to the ruling, the intermediation of the sanctioned insurance agent was demonstrated, among other things, by documents proving that she sent insurance proposals from a foreign insurance company that was not authorized to operate in the country, offering coverage from the latter to persons domiciled in Paraguay. In addition, according to the ruling, among the evidence presented by the SIS and the BCP were documents proving that persons domiciled in Paraguay had contracted insurance with a foreign insurance company not authorized to operate in the country.

Should you wish to receive further information regarding this news or other information related to our insurance practice, please do not hesitate to contact us.

House of Representatives to take on Senate’s version on credit bureau bill in Paraguay

This Thursday, the Chamber of Deputies (Lower House of Congress) must address the amendments introduced by the Senate (Upper House) to the bill that modifies the current Informconf Law.

In the midst of political tension between a group of dissident senators and the Executive Branch, the Senate had approved controversial amendments to the bill introduced and approved by the Chamber of Deputies. While the Deputies' version of the bill established the inclusion of positive credit information in credit reports, the Senate deleted this provision, rejecting the inclusion of positive information and including a limit of 3 minimum salaries (PYG 5,500,000*) to be able to report information on debts. This resulted in the concealment of the information, instead of addressing the problem with a solution.

If the Senate version of the bill passes, this would result in harm to the sector of the population it was intended to help in the first place, the working class consumer. The withholding of information will result in a greater number of rejected credit applications, longer periods of analysis, and higher interest rates, all as a result of a presumption of greater risk in granting credit due to the lack of available information.

In short, people will be forced to resort to “informal loans” with usurious rates, since 90% of the loans granted today are below the limit of 3 minimum wages and there would be no information about them.

On the other hand, the Deputies' version will allow for greater financial inclusion, as commercial and financial entities will now have more information (positive information) allowing them to put a person's financial behavior into context. For example, if a person has an unpaid phone bill of PYG 500,000, but has been paying this same bill on a regular basis for the past 12 months, or is paying a mortgage or vehicle loan, then the credit analyst will be able to more adequately assess the credit application and understand that the unpaid debt may be a consequence of an external factor, rather than unreliable payment behavior.

In addition, the inclusion of positive information will allow for faster and more complete analyses for the purchase of work tools, allowing the working class to start earning money quickly in order to pay off their debts. For example, one may be able to buy a motorcycle with a down payment of less than 5% and immediately start working as a delivery man to earn money.

As a result, both consumer associations and financial institutions have made public statements in favor of the Deputies' version.

Although the trend seems to be that the Chamber of Deputies will confirm its own version and reject the Senate's, the Chamber of Deputies still needs an absolute majority to do so. However, the public is confident that the Chamber of Deputies will follow the right path.  

*Exchange rate of PYG 5,200 to USD 1